Exploring AI Chatbot Development for Gen-Z: A Study on First-Time and Experienced Voters in Pemilu

Lady Joanne Tjahyana

Abstract


Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have been utilized as interactive learning platforms for higher education.
Gen-Z was a generation that quickly adopted the latest technology. Several Gen-Z students participated in the Pemilu
(general elections in Indonesia) for the first time in 2024. Therefore, this research aimed to develop an AI chatbot
to give information about Pemilu to Gen-Z voters. The researcher developed the AI chatbot with several steps: data
collecting, training, evaluating, refining, and analyzing conversation data. A group of 100 Gen-Z students took part
in testing the AI chatbot. The researcher discovered that it was essential to keep refining the AI chatbot by improving
the datasets and putting more context in it. Next, the researcher asserted that experienced Gen-Z voters asked more
questions, as they have prior knowledge of experiencing the previous elections. Most of the experienced Gen-Z voters
asked advanced questions, while most of the first-time Gen-Z voters asked basic questions. Moreover, the AI chatbot
was a suitable learning platform for Gen-Z as they used metacognitive strategies to experiment with their questions
to get the correct information from the AI chatbot. That action automatically helped the AI chatbot to improve its
performance as part of the training step.

Abstrak
Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots telah digunakan sebagai platform pembelajaran interaktif pada level
pendidikan tinggi. Gen-Z adalah generasi yang cepat mengadopsi teknologi. Beberapa siswa dari kalangan Gen-Z
akan berpartisipasi dalam Pemilu untuk pertama kali pada tahun 2024. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengembangkan AI chatbot yang dapat memberikan informasi kepada Gen-Z tentang Pemilu. Peneliti
mengembangkan AI chatbot melalui beberapa langkah: data collecting, training, evaluating, refining dan analyzing
data percakapan. Sebanyak 100 orang mahasiswa Gen-Z berpartisipasi dalam proses testing chatbot. Peneliti
menyimpulkan bahwa sangatlah penting untuk tetap melakukan proses refining dengan cara memperbaiki datasets
dan menaruh lebih banyak konteks ke dalamnya. Peneliti juga menemukan bahwa experienced voters melontarkan
pertanyaan lebih banyak daripada first-time voters. Kemudian, experienced voters juga menanyakan topik yang lebih
advanced karena mereka sudah mempunyai pengalaman mengikuti Pemilu, sedangkan first-time voters hanya
menanyakan pertanyaan dasar tentang Pemilu. Selain itu, AI chatbots adalah platform yang cocok untuk Gen-Z
karena mereka cenderung menggunakan stratgegi metacognitive untuk terus bereksperimen dengan pertanyaan -
pertanyaan agar mendapatkan jawaban yang tepat dari chatbot. Hal ini secara otomatis juga akan meningkatkan
performa dari chatbot sebagai bagian dari proses training AI chatbot.

Keywords


Artificial Intelligence; AI chatbots; Pemilu; Generation Z

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36914/jikb.v9i2.1091

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